Manipur, a state nestled in the northeastern corner of India, is a land steeped in rich mythology and folklore. The indigenous Meitei people, who form the majority of the population, have a unique and fascinating belief system that has shaped their cultural identity for centuries. This article delves into the mythological origins of Manipur, exploring its creation myths and the roles of Sanamahi and other prominent deities.
Mythological Origins
The Meitei people believe that their land was created by divine beings. According to the ancient text Leishemlon, the universe began as a vast, empty expanse known as "Khongchat". Within this void emerged "Apokpa", the first manifestation of the Supreme Being. Apokpa then created "Leimarel Sidabi", the Divine Mother, and together they gave birth to a multitude of gods and goddesses.
One of the most significant creation myths involves the deity "Atiya Sidaba", also known as "Sanamahi". He is considered the creator of the earth and the father of humanity. Legend has it that Sanamahi descended from the heavens and molded the earth from the primordial waters, shaping it into the land we know today as Manipur.
Creation Myths and Legends
The Meitei creation myths are not limited to the formation of the earth. They also explain the origins of various natural phenomena, human civilization, and the reasons behind many events. These myths are passed down through generations in the form of oral traditions, songs, and ancient texts.
The Legend of Poireiton: This legend narrates the story of Poireiton and his wife Leinaotabi, who emerged from the underworld to establish human civilization on earth. They taught humans agriculture, crafts, and social customs.
The Story of Nongpok Ningthou and Panthoibi: This is a romantic tale of the love between Nongpok Ningthou, the god of the eastern mountains, and Panthoibi, the goddess of love, war, and fertility. Their union is celebrated in the annual Lai Haraoba festival.
The Myth of the Seven Goddesses: This myth tells the story of seven goddesses who descended from the heavens to bathe in a sacred pool. When one of them loses her necklace, a human finds it and returns it, leading to a union between the mortal and the divine.
Role of Sanamahi and Other Deities
Sanamahi holds a central position in Meitei mythology and is revered as the creator and protector of humanity. He is associated with the sun, fire, and the household hearth. People offer prayers to Sanamahi for good health, prosperity, and protection from evil.
Apart from Sanamahi, the Meitei pantheon includes a vast array of deities, each with specific roles and responsibilities. Some of the prominent ones include:
Leimarel Sidabi: The Divine Mother, associated with creation, fertility, and motherhood.
Pakhangba: The serpent god, considered the guardian of the universe and the protector of the Meitei people.
Imoinu: The goddess of wealth, prosperity, and the household.
Thangjing: The god of war, worshipped for courage and victory.
These deities are not merely mythological figures but are deeply ingrained in the daily lives of the Meitei people. They are invoked during festivals, life cycle rituals, and times of need. The Meitei belief system emphasizes the interconnectedness of the human and divine worlds, and the deities are seen as benevolent forces that guide and protect their devotees